Analysis of physical properties of wood in three species of Galician oaks for the manufacture of wine barrels Part i: Wood infradensity

The current study about physical properties of wood of Quercus robur L., Q. petraea (Matt.) Liebl., and Q. pyrenaica Willd. in Galicia (northwest of Spain) was based on the determination of proportion of sapwood, heartwood, infradensity, and porosity to understand and estimate the variation of these characteristics and/or properties in the Galician oaks. For this, it was necessary to fell several trees within the study area. In total, 45 trees were chosen in 15 different stands of provinces of Lugo and Ourense, i.e., we have obtained 45 wood slices of Quercus at 60 cm tall on the trunk of the tree, and 194 wood samples with a parallelepiped shape and dimensions of 2×2×4 cm ± 1 mm. The infradensity characterization reveals that oak wood from Galicia has a greater infradensity than French oaks, and Quercus pyrenaica has a higher infradensity than Q. robur and Q. petraea. There is a strong variation of the same based on the geographic origin, but there is almost no variation inside a plot. The global objective was to realize a detailed description on the physical properties of wood of these species for its possible use in industry cooperage. For this, the objective of this initial work was to begin with the study of wood infradensity.

Test of wood properties in oak species (Quercus robur L., Quercus petraea (Matts) Liebl. and Quercus pyrenaica willd.) for wine aging. Part III: Porosity versus void ratio

The study on wood physical properties of Quercus robur L., Quercus petraea (Matts) Liebl., and Quercus pyrenaica Willd., to use in wine aging was also founded on the relationship between porosity and void ratio to assess its variation in the oak species under study. A total of 45 oak trees were chosen in 15 oak stands of the Lugo and Ourense provinces (Galicia, northwestern Iberian Peninsula). Altogether, were obtained forty-five fine slices of wood at 60 cm tall on the trunk, and 194 wood test specimens’ parallelepipeds of 20 × 20 × 40 mm ± 1mm. On average, oak species in Galicia have lower porosity than oaks of the French regions of Limousin and Vosges. With a width of growth ring and age similar, Quercus pyrenaica has porosity slightly lower than Q. robur and Q. petraea. Our objective is to carry out a complete description on the wood physical properties of the studied species for its possible use in the cooperage industry and wine aging. For that, the aim of this work was to estimate the porosity versus the void ratio.